Once you learn to read, it’s hard to remember how you actually learned to read in the first place. Reading these words might come so naturally to you that you don’t really think much about it.
You might think, learning to read must have been like learning to speak, right? So if you’re surrounded by enough written words, you’ll eventually figure it out.
但对大多数学生来说，事实并非如此. Learning to speak and learning to read are two very different processes. Most kids actually require set steps showing how letters are connected to sounds – otherwise they just won’t learn how to read.
阅读成为焦点
During the last year, reading instruction and literacy curricula have been a central focus of legislatures across the country. 明尼苏达州的立法机构也是如此 今年5月，他们通过了READ法案, which will invest over $90 million in literacy education. The work of education reporter Emily Hanford had a big role in sparking national interest in this topic, 部分是通过她的播客 卖故事, which delves into how the process of learning to read works. Hanford shows that widely used reading curricula from the last 10-20 years have been based on a flawed idea: that many kids can learn to read purely by using context cues and being around engaging books.
项目主管 阅读队 几十年前就知道这种方法行不通了吗. Its program model is based on learning science that shows intentional instruction is a crucial part of teaching kids how to read. Every time 阅读队 tutors help students learn to read, they use science-backed instructions.
Keep in mind: reading experts aren’t saying that students shouldn’t be exploring lots of different books or practicing reading comprehension. 正相反, reading lots of books is essential to learning how to read – and it’s a huge part of the joy reading can bring. But they are saying that students can’t get to that fun part without that explicit, evidence-based instruction on how to recognize words as well as sounds. 尤其是在小学的早期阶段, students need a strong mix of that explicit instruction and free reading time.
在学生所在的地方会见他们
So what exactly are these science-backed instructions 阅读队 students get? 他们如何与READ法案保持一致?
Each 阅读队 activity is designed for students to get comfortable with letters and words – and have some fun along the way, 太. Some activities help students match letters together with the right sounds, 还有一些帮助学生阅读单词. 活动可能看起来像:
- The tutor asks students to say each sound in a word, then blend them together to say the whole word. 例如, the student would say each sound in the word “fig” individually (“f”, “i”, “g”), 然后一起念出整个单词. This activity is focused on spoken sounds, not written letters and words.
- The tutor shows students flashcards with different letters on them. Then, they ask students to say the sound the letter shown makes.
- The tutor shows students a written word and asks them to say the sound of each letter in that word. Then, they ask the student to put all the letter sounds together to sound out the word. 例如, the student would identify each sound in the word “let” individually (“l”, “e”, “t”), 然后把这些声音放在一起.
这些活动可能看起来很简单. 但是对于学习阅读的学生来说, it often takes a lot of intentional practice to really understand how letter sounds work. 这对他们来说是全新的. Practice helps them make those connections so they have the 太ls to move on to chapter books and complex reading comprehension.
Another reason why this process is so effective: Tutors only work on activities with students that can build on the skills the student already has. Students complete activities that determine what reading skills they do have – for example, whether or not the student can match printed letters to the sounds they make, or how many words from a certain text a student can read in a minute. Tutors don’t skip to activities that won’t make sense to the student yet.
至于READ法案, the legislation provides funding to school districts across the state that choose approved, 以证据为基础的课程. Approved curricula will have a proven record of success in teaching students sound recognition, 词汇量的发展, 阅读流畅性, 阅读理解和自然拼读. Teachers will also receive evidence-based training and have access to a literacy coach. 2024年1月, the Minnesota Department of Education will share approved curricula school districts can use.
To dive even deeper into how learning to read works, check out Emily Hanford’s podcast, 卖故事. You can also dig into the details with technical texts like The Essentials of Assessing, Preventing and Overcoming Reading Difficulties 作者:大卫·基尔帕特里克. 阅读更多关于雷丁队的结果 过去的 博客文章，或探索的工作 国家科学与服务合作组织, which powers evidence-based programs including 阅读队.
你也可以自己成为阅读团的导师! Our training will teach you all these techniques and more. 了解更多并申请, or 皇冠官方APP客户端的招聘团队 哪个项目可能更适合你.
